Q 1 In your school you observe that books are kept in office
chalks in the library and office records in the staff room.
A. Which principle of management in violated here and why?
B. How will that effect the achievement of school
objectives?
C. As a manager, what steps will you take to rectify the
shortcomings?
Q 2 Sonia Ltd. engaged in the business of manufacturing auto
components. Lately its business was expanding due to increased demand for cars.
The competition was also increasing. In order to keep its market share intact,
the company directed its workforce to work overtime. But this resulted in many
problems.
Due to increased pressure of work the efficiency of workers
declined. Sometimes, the subordinates had to work for more than one superiors.
The workers were becoming undisciplined. The spirit of teamwork, which had
characterized the company previously had begun to wane.
Identify any three principles of management as given by
Henry Fayol which were begin violated, quoting the lines from the above case.
Q 3 The production manager of Harsh Ltd. instructs a
salesman to go slow in selling the product, where the marketing manager is
insisting on fast selling to achieve the target. Which principle of management
is being violated in this case?
Q 4 In Simran Ltd. an employee has the objective of
maximizing his salary, but the organizational objective is to maximize output
at competitive cost. There was some dispute on this for a while. Eventually,
the organisation's interest was given priority over employee's interest. Name
the principle related to this situation.
Q 5 “Workers should be encouraged to develop and carry out
their plans for development.” Identify the principle of managementformulatedby Fayol.
Q 6A sales person is
asked to finalize a deal with customer. The marketing manager allows him to
give a discount of up to 25% but the Finance Manager allows him to give
discount of upto 10%. Which principle is violated here?
Q 7 Factory owners or managers relied on personal judgment
in attending to the problems they confronted in the course of managing their
work. Which principle of Taylor is it referring to ?
Answers on Principles
of management part 2
Ans 1
(a)The principle of 'order'.
(b) In the absence of orderliness, school objectives will
not be achieved efficiently and effectively.
(c) Things should be placed at appropriate places to achieve
maximum efficiency with time framework.
Ans 2
A.) Unity of command
" Sometimes, the subordinates had to work for more than
superiors."
B.) Discipline
"The workers were becoming undisciplined."
C.) Espirit De corps
"The spirit of teamwork, which had characterized the
company previously had begun to wane."
Ans 3 Unity of command
Ans 4 Principle of subordination of individual interest to
general interest.
1. Nikita and Salman completed their MBA and started working
in a multinational company at the same level. Both are working hard and are
happy with their employer. Salman had the habit of backbiting and wrong
reporting about his colleagues to impress his boss. All the employees in the organization
knew about it. At the time of performance appraisal the performance of Nikita
was judged better than Salman. Even then their boss, Mohammad Sharif decided to
promote Salman stating that being a female Nikita will not be able to handle
the complications of a higher post.
(i) Identify and explain the principle of management which
was not followed by this multinational company.
(ii) Identify the values which are being ignored quoting the
lines from the above para.
2.The production manager
of an automobile company asked the foreman to achieve a target production of
200 units (scooters) per day. But he did not give the authority to requisition
tools and materials from the stores department. Can the production manager
blame the foreman if he is not able to achieve the desired target? Explain
briefly the principle relating to the situation.
3. Ms. Ritu and Mr. Mohit are Data Entry Operators in
a company having same educational qualifications.
Ritu is getting Rs. 5,000
per month and Mohit Rs. 6,000 per month as salary for the same working hours.
Which principle of
management is violated in the case? Name and explain the principle.
4. Sanchit, after completing his entrepreneurship course from
Sweden returned to India and started a coffee shop ‘AromaCoffeeCan’ in a famous
mall in New Delhi. The speciality of the coffee shop was the special aroma of
coffee and a wide variety of flavours to choose from. Somehow, the business was
neither profitable nor popular. Sanchit was keen to find out the reason. He
appointed Sandhya, an MBA from a reputed college, as a Manager to find out the
causes for the same.
Sandhya took feedback from the clients and found out that though they loved the
special unique aroma of coffee but were not happy with the long waiting time
being taken to process the order. She analysed and found out that there were
many unnecessary obstructions in between which could be eliminated. She fixed a
standard time for processing the order.
She also realized that there were some flavours whose demand was not enough.
So, she also decided to stop the sale of such flavours. As a result within a
short period Sandhya was able to attract the customers.
Identify and explain any two techniques of scientific management used by
Sandhya to solve the problem.
5. Nutan Tiffin Box service was started in Mumbai by the Mumbai Dabbawalas. The Dabbawalas who are the soul of entire Mumbai aim to provide prompt and efficient services by providing tasty homemade tiffin to all office goers at the right time and place. The service is uninterrupted even on the days of bad weather, political unrest and social disturbances. Recently, they have started online booking system through their website ‘mydabbawala.com’. Owing to their tremendous popularity amongst the happy and satisfied customers and members, the Dabbawalas were invited as guest lecturer by top business schools. The Dabbawalas operate in a group of 25-30 people alongwith a group leader. Each group teams up with other groups in order to deliver the tiffins on time. They are not transferred on frequent basis as they have to remember the addresses of their customers. They follow certain rules while doing trade—no alcohol during working hours; no leaves without permission; wearing white caps and carrying ID cards during business hours.
Recently, on the suggestion of a few self-motivated fellow men, the dabbawalas thought out and executed a plan of providing food left in tiffins by customers to slum children. They have instructed their customers to place red sticker if food is left in the tiffin, to be fed to poor children later.
1. State any one principle of management given by Fayol and one characteristic of management mentioned in the above case.
2. Give any two values which the Dabbawalas want to communicated to society.
Answers Based on
Case Studies of Principles of Management
1.(i) The principle violated is equity.
It advocates that there should be no discrimination against
anyone on account of sex, religion, language , caste, belief, nationality, etc.
(ii) The values which are being ignored are:
(a) Good human behavior because Salman had the habit of
backbiting and wrong reporting about his colleagues to impress his boss.
(b) Gender Equality because their boss decided to promote
Salman stating that being a female Nikita will not be able to handle the
complications of a higher post
2. No, because he did not give him the authority to
requisition tools and materials from the stores department. Since he had no
authority , he could not fulfill his responsibility.
In this case the principle of Authority and Responsibility
is violated. Fayol suggested that there must be a balance between authority and
responsibility. Both will go simultaneously.
4. The two techniques of scientific management used by
Sandhya to solve the problem are: (any two)
Time study: It seeks to determines the standard time
taken to perform a well-defined job. The objective of time study is to
determine the number of workers to be employed , frame suitable incentive
schemes and determine labour costs. By using time measuring devices for each
element of task the standard time is fixed for the whole of the task by taking
several readings.
Simplification (Standardisation and Simplification): Simplification
aims at eliminating superfluous diversity of products in terms of varieties,
sizes and dimensions. It not only helps to reduce inventories but also save
cost of labour, machines and tools. Thus it helps to increase turnover by ensuring
optimum utilization of resources.
Motion study: Motion study refers to the study of
movements of limbs of a worker while doing a particular task. It seek to divide
all such movements into three categories namely
·Motions which are required
·Motions which are unnecessary
·Motions which are incidental.
Thus, motion study helps to eliminate unnecessary movements of a work and
enables him to complete the given task efficiently.
5. (1) The relevant principle of management given by Fayol is:
Stability of Personnel: The employee turnover should be minimized to maintain organizational efficiency. Personnel should be selected and appointed after due and rigorous procedure. After placement, they should be kept at their post for a minimum fixed tenure so that they get time to show results. Any adhocism in this regard will create instability/insecurity among employees. They would tend to leave the organisation.
(The other correct answers are principle of Discipline / Initiative / Espirit de corps)
The characteristic of management mentioned in the above case is:
Management is goal oriented as it seeks to integrate the efforts of different individuals towards the accomplishment of both organizational and individual goals.
(The other correct answers are management is intangible/ group activity/dynamic)
(2)The two values that Dabbawalas want to communicate to society are:
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Business Studies Case studies for class 12th
Q 1 Sonu Nigam is a famous playback singer always time spend
time for practice and adds his creativity in his singing.
Like Sonu Nigam, Mr. Rajiv, a manager of headlines Ltd. use
his creativity and practice management principles under different situations to
manage the business. The employees are happy and satisfied as he every day
reward employees their punctuality and efficiency.
1. Identify the nature of management highlighted above.
2. Name the two other aspects of management.
3. Identify the values followed by Mr. Rajiv.
Q 2 Ajay and Sanjay are childhood friends, Sanjay had lost
his right hand in an accident in childhood. They meet after a long time in a
restaurant. on being asked, Sanjay tells Ajay that he feels very discouraged in
managing his family business after the death of his father as it doesn't match
with his extraordinary skills in management although he hasn't acquired any
professional degree in management.Therefore, he asks Sanjay to wind up his
business in Dubai as an Assistant in Sales and Marketing Division.
1. Can Sanjay be developed at the post of Assistant Manager
in Sales and Marketing Division though he hasn't acquired any professional
degree in management? Explain by giving suitable justifications in support of
your answer.
2.List any two values reflected in this act of Ajay.
Q 3 Mr. Singhania's father has a good business of iron and
steel. He wants to go to the USA for his MBA but his father thinks that he
should join the business. On the basis of emerging trends, do you think that Mr. Singhania
should send his son to the USA? Give any three reasons to support of your
answer.
Q 4 A group of certain believes that management is a
systematic body of knowledge that explain certain truth and is based on logical
observations.
Identify and explain the nature of management discussed in
above case.
Q 5 Ram has recently joined HMV Ltd, a company manufacturing
refrigerators. He found that his department was under-staffed and other departments
were not cooperating with his department for smooth functioning of the
organization. Therefore, he ensured that his department has the required number
of employees and its cooperation with other departments is improved.
Identify the level at which Ram was working.
Also, state three more functions required to be performed by
Ram at
this level.
Q 6 XYZ Power Ltd. set up a factory for manufacturing solar
lanterns in a remote village as there was no reliable supply of electricity in
rural areas. The revenue earned by the company was sufficient to cover the
costs and the risks. As the demand of lanterns was increasing day- by-day, the
company decided to increase production to generate higher sales. For this/they
decided to employ people from a nearby village as very few job opportunities
were available in that area. The company also decided to open schools and crèches
for the children of its employees.
Identify and explain the objectives of management discussed
above.
State any two values which the company wanted to communicate
to the society.
Answers
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Ansewer 1
1. Nature of management highlighted above is
"Management as an Art".
The other two aspects of nature of management are:
·Management as an Science
·Management as a Profession.
Values:
1. Motivating employees for discipline and punctuality.
2.Good and
responsible behavior by rewarding employees.
Ans 2. Yes, Sanjay can be developed atthe post of Assistant Manager in Sales and
marketing although he hasn't acquired any professional degree in management as
management is not considered to be a full fledged profession because of the
following reasons.
·Restricted entry
·Professional association.
The two values that are reflected in this act of Ajay are
compassion and responsibility
Answer 3.
Yes according to me Mr. Singhania should send his son to
USA for his MBA because management is being recognized as a profession to a
great extent because of the following reasons:
·Well defined body of knowledge
·ethical code of conduct
·service motive.
Answer 4
Management as a science
·Universal applicability.
·Systematic body of knowledge.
·Principles based on experimentation.
·Standardized principles.
Ans 5
Ram is working at middle level of the management. The
three more functions that he has to perform at this level are stated below:
·He has to assign duties and responsibilities to
the people in his department.
·He has to motivate the people in his department
to achieve the desired objectives.
·He has to interpret the policies framed by top
management.
Ans 6 The objectives of management discussed above are:
·Organizational objectives: An organization
strives to achieve multiple organizational objectives in the interest of its
stakeholders like owners, employees etc. The main organizational objectives are
survival, profit and growth.
·Social Objectives: It is the obligation of every
organization to undertake such activities which will benefit the society at
large like using eco-friendly methods, contributing towards weaker sections of
the society, generating employment opportunities, promoting literacy etc.
The two values that the company wanted to communicate to the
society are: ·Rural development ·Promoting literacy
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