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14 principles of management given by Henri Fayol
1.
Division of work:- According to Henri Fayol, work should be divided into small specialised tasks,each performed by specialist only. Thus, specialization
promotes efficiency of the workforce and increases productivity. In addition,
the specialization of the workforce increases their accuracy and speed.
2.
Authority of work:- In order to get things done in an organization, management has
the authority(rights) to give orders
to the employees. Of course with this authority
comes responsibility. So there
should be a balance between proper authority and responsibility. In other
words, authority and responsibility go together and they are two sides of the
same coin.
3.
Discipline:-It is about obedience, good conduct and respectful interactions.
4.
Unity of command:-(Orders from one manager) An individual employee should receive
orders from one manager and that the employee is answerable to that manager. If
tasks and related responsibilities are given to the employee by more than one
manager, this may lead to confusion which may lead to possible conflicts for
employees.
5.
Unity of direction:- All employees deliver the same activities that can be linked to the
same objectives. All activities must be carried out by one group that forms a
team. These activities must be described in a plan of action. (one
head and one plan)
6.
Subordinate(secondary place) of individual(particular
employee) interest:- Personal interests are always
subordinate to the interests of the organization. The primary focus is on the organizational objectives and not on
those of the individual.
7.
Remuneration of employees:- The remuneration should be sufficient to keep employees motivated
and productive. There are two types of remuneration namely non-monetary (a
compliment, more responsibilities, credits) and monetary (compensation, bonus
or other financial compensation).
8.
Centralisation and decentralisation:-
Centralization implies the concentration of decision
making authority at the top management (executive board). Sharing of
authorities for the decision-making process with lower levels (middle and lower
management), is referred to as decentralization. An organization should strive
for a good balance in these two things.
9.
Scalar chain:- There should be a clear line in the area of authority (from top to
bottom and all managers at all levels). Each employee can contact a manager or
a superior in an emergency situation without challenging the hierarchy.
10. Order:-There should be a right place for everything and everything should
be at its right place.
11. Equity:-
Employees must be treated kindly and equally without
partiality.
12. Stability
of tenure(WORKING LIFE) of personnel(GROUP OF EMPLOYEES):- Management strives to minimize employee turnover and to have the right staff in the right
place.
13. Initiative:-
Employees should be allowed to express new ideas. This
encourages interest and involvement and creates added value for the company.
Employee initiatives are a source of strength for the organization. This
encourages the employees to be involved and interested.
14. Esprit
the corps(Union in strength):- Esprit de corps contributes to the development
of the culture and creates an atmosphere of mutual trust and understanding.
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